Idiomas disponibles
Idiomas disponibles
Welding Guidelines (Continued)
STRIKING AN ARC
Place the bare end of the electrode in the holder. Grip the holder
lightly to reduce tiring of the hand and arm.
NOTE: Always keep the jaws of the holder clean to insure good
electrical contact with the electrode.
Be careful not to touch the work piece or
welding bench with the electrode as this
causes arc flashes.
The best method of striking an arc is the scratching method. Drag
the electrode at an angle along the surface much like striking a
match. Upon contact with the plate, lift the electrode approximately
1/16 inch off the surface or it will stick (See Figure 8).
NOTE: Should the electrode stick to the work piece, break it loose
by quickly twisting or bending at the holder while pulling upward.
If the electrode does not break loose, disengage the electrode by
releasing it from the holder.
Same as Electrode Diameter
Figure 8 - Scratching Method
ELECTRODE TYPE AND SIZE
Four types of electrodes are recommended for this welder. The
electrodes are commonly known by the AWS (American Welding
Society) designation as follows:
1.
E-6011 Deep penetrating
• 6011 is for ALL position welding.
• Flat bead with deep penetrating arc.
• For rusted or dirty mild steel general repair work.
2.
E-6013 General Purpose
• 6013 is for flat position welding.
• All position, smooth deposit rod with low spatter.
• For all mild steel and general purpose work.
3.
E-7014 Fast fill
• Smooth bead and fast deposition.
• Ideal for joints with poor fitup and general repair work.
4.
E-7018-AC High Strength
• Ideal for pipes and structural applications.
• Low hydrogen reduces porosity for a strong weld.
ARC WELDING BASICS
Four basic techniques affect weld quality. These are: amperage
setting, weld angle, arc length, and travel speed. Proper use of these
techniques is necessary for good weld quality.
AMPERAGE SETTING
The correct amperage involves the adjustment of the welding
machine to the required amp setting. This is regulated by a current
range selector switch and a welding current selector knob. The
amperage required depends on the size (diameter) of electrode used
and the thickness of the work piece.
Consult specifications listed on the welder. Excessive amps burn
through light metals and the weld bead is flat and porous (See Figure
7). The bead appears high and irregular if the amperage is too low.
ARC LENGTH
Arc length is the distance from the work piece to the tip of the
electrode, the distance which the arc must travel. A proper arc
length is essential to generate the heat needed for welding (See
Figure 9). An arc that is too long produces an unstable arc, reduces
1/16 inch
penetration, increases spatter, and causes flat and wide beads. Too
short an arc does not create enough heat to melt the work piece,
the electrode has a tendency to stick, penetration will be poor, and
uneven beads with irregular ripples result. A proper arc should be no
longer than the diameter of the rod.
The sound of a proper arc is a steady, crisp sizzle, similar to bacon
frying.
TRAVEL SPEED
The travel speed is the rate at which the electrode is moved across
the weld area (See Figure 8). When the speed is too fast, the bead is
narrow and bead ripples are pointed as shown. When the speed is
to slow, the weld metal piles up and the bead is high and wide. To
control travel speed, watch the width of the weld bead (not the arc)
when welding. The weld bead is the orange, molten metal behind
the arc. The width should be approximately twice the diameter of the
welding rod. Control travel speed to obtain a consistent bead width.
SLAG REMOVAL
removing slag. Hot, flying debris can cause personal injury to
anyone in the area.
After completing the weld, wait for the welded sections to cool.
A protective coating called slag now covers the weld bead which
prevents contaminants in the air from reacting with the molten metal.
Once the weld cools to the point that it is no longer glowing red, the
slag can be removed. Removal is done with a chipping hammer.
Lightly tap the slag with the hammer and break it loose from the
weld bead. The final clean-up is done with a wire brush. When
making multiple weld passes, remove the slag before each pass.
Wear ANSI compliant safety glasses (ANSI
Standard Z87.1) and protective clothing when
17
