Tracking Celestial Objects - Levenhuk Blitz 70 PLUS Guia Del Usuario

Polar adjustment
In order for your telescope to track objects in the sky you have to align your mount. This means tilting the
head over so that it points to the North (or South) celestial pole. For people in the Northern Hemisphere this is rather easy as the bright star Polaris is very near the North Celestial Pole. For casual observing,
rough polar alignment is adequate. Make sure your equatorial mount is leveled and the finderscope is
aligned with the telescope before beginning.
Look up your latitude on a map, road maps are good for this purpose. Now look at the side of your mount
head, there you will see a scale running from 0 to 90°. Loosen the mount latch slightly rotating the lock
handle counterclockwise. A thumbscrew located underneath the mount head pushes the latch plate, thus
changing the angle. Turn the screw until the pointer on the latitude scale is set at the latitude of your
observation site (fig. 10).
Loosen the Dec. lock knob and rotate the telescope tube until the pointer on the setting circle reads 90°.
Retighten the Dec. lock knob. Loosen the azimuth lock knob and move the mount so that the R.A. axis
points roughly at Polaris. Use the two azimuth adjustment knobs above the "N" to make fine adjustments
in azimuth if needed. For more accurate alignment, look through the finderscope and center the Polaris
on the crosshairs using the azimuth and latitude adjustment knobs (fig. 11).
After a while you will notice your target drifting slowly North or South depending on the direction of
the pole relative to Polaris. To keep the target in the center of the view, turn only the R.A. slow-motion
control.
After your telescope is polar aligned, no further adjustments in the azimuth and latitude of the mount
should be made in the observing session, nor should you move the tripod. Only movements in R.A. and
DEC axis should be made in order to keep an object in the field. In the Southern Hemisphere you must
align the mount to the SCP by locating its position with star patterns, without the convenience of a
nearby bright star. The closest star is the faint 5.5-mag. Sigma Octantis which is about one degree away.
Two sets of pointers which help to locate the SCP are α and β Crucis (in the Southern Cross) and a pointer
running at a right angle to a line connecting α and β Centauri.

Tracking celestial objects

When observing through a telescope, astronomical objects appear to move slowly through the telescope's
field of view. When the mount is correctly polar aligned, you only need to turn the R.A. slow-motion
control to follow or track objects as they move through the field. A R.A. motor drive can be added to
automatically track celestial objects by counteracting the rotation of Earth. If the object is too faint
you may want to use setting circles on an equatorial mount. Setting circles allow you to locate celestial
objects whose celestial coordinates have been determined from star charts.
The telescope's R.A. setting circle is scaled in hours, from 1 to 24, with small lines in between
representing 10 minute increments. The upper set of numbers applies to observations in the Northern
Hemisphere, while the numbers below them apply to observations in the Southern Hemisphere.
Setting (calibrating) the R.A. setting circle: in order to set your Right Ascension circle you must first find a
star in your field of view with known coordinates. A good one would be the 0.0 magnitude star Vega in the
Constellation Lyra. From a star chart we know the R.A. coordinate of Vega is 18h 36m.
Loosen the R.A. and DEC. lock knobs on the mount and adjust the telescope so that Vega is centered in
the field of view of the eyepiece. Tighten the R.A. and Dec. lock knobs to lock the mount in place. Now
rotate the R.A. setting circle until it reads 18h 36m. You are now ready to use the setting circles to find
objects in the sky (fig. 12).
A German Equatorial mount has an adjustment, sometimes called a wedge, which tilts the mount's polar
axis so that it points at the appropriate Celestial Pole (NCP or SCP). Once the mount has been polar
aligned, it needs to be rotated around the polar axis only to keep an object centered. Do not reposition
the mount base or change the latitude setting. The mount has already been correctly aligned for your
geographical location (i.e. Latitude), and all remaining telescope pointing is done by rotating the
telescope tube around the polar (R.A.) and declination axes (fig. 13).
A problem for many beginners is recognizing that a polar-aligned, equatorial mount acts like an alt-
azimuth mount which has been aligned to a celestial pole. The wedge tilts the mount to an angle equal
to the observer's Latitude, and therefore it swivels around a plane which is parallel to the celestial (and
Earth's) equator. This is now its "horizon"; but remember that part of the new horizon is usually blocked by Earth. This new "azimuth" motion is called Right Ascension (R.A.). In addition, the mount swivels North
(+) and South (−) from the Celestial Equator towards the celestial poles. This plus or minus "altitude"
from the celestial equator is called Declination (Dec.).
Now, consider pointing the telescope to the western or eastern horizon. If the counterweight is pointing
North, the telescope can be swiveled from one horizon to the other around the Dec. axis in an arc that
passes through the NCP (any Dec. arc will pass through the NCP if the mount is polar-aligned). It can be
seen then that if the optical tube needs to be pointed at an object north or south of this arc, it has to be
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